:root {
  /* ============================================ */
  /*           MODERN DESIGN SYSTEM 2024         */
  /* ============================================ */
  
  /* Base Colors */
  --color-white: #ffffff;
  --color-black: #000000;

  /* Light Mode Palette */
  --light-bg-primary: #f8f9fa;
  --light-bg-secondary: #ffffff;
  --light-bg-tertiary: #e9ecef;
  --light-text-primary: #212529;
  --light-text-secondary: #495057;
  --light-text-muted: #6c757d;
  --light-border-color: #dee2e6;
  --light-accent-primary: #007bff;
  --light-accent-secondary: #6c757d;


  /* Semantic Colors */
  --success: #28a745;
  --warning: #ffc107;
  --error: #dc3545;
  --info: #17a2b8;

  /* Theme Variables */
  --bg-primary: var(--light-bg-primary);
  --bg-secondary: var(--light-bg-secondary);
  --bg-tertiary: var(--light-bg-tertiary);
  --text-primary: var(--light-text-primary);
  --text-secondary: var(--light-text-secondary);
  --text-muted: var(--light-text-muted);
  --border-color: var(--light-border-color);
  --accent-primary: var(--light-accent-primary);
  --accent-secondary: var(--light-accent-secondary);
  
  /* Typography System */
  --font-family-sans: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
  --font-family-display: 'Space Grotesk', 'Inter', sans-serif;
  --font-family-mono: 'JetBrains Mono', 'Fira Code', monospace;
  
  /* Font Sizes - Modern Scale */
  --text-2xs: 0.6875rem;    /* 11px */
  --text-xs: 0.75rem;       /* 12px */
  --text-sm: 0.875rem;      /* 14px */
  --text-base: 1rem;        /* 16px */
  --text-lg: 1.125rem;      /* 18px */
  --text-xl: 1.25rem;       /* 20px */
  --text-2xl: 1.5rem;       /* 24px */
  --text-3xl: 1.875rem;     /* 30px */
  --text-4xl: 2.25rem;      /* 36px */
  --text-5xl: 3rem;         /* 48px */
  --text-6xl: 3.75rem;      /* 60px */
  --text-7xl: 4.5rem;       /* 72px */
  --text-8xl: 6rem;         /* 96px */
  --text-9xl: 8rem;         /* 128px */
  
  /* Font Weights */
  --font-thin: 100;
  --font-light: 300;
  --font-normal: 400;
  --font-medium: 500;
  --font-semibold: 600;
  --font-bold: 700;
  --font-extrabold: 800;
  --font-black: 900;
  
  /* Line Heights */
  --leading-none: 1;
  --leading-tight: 1.25;
  --leading-snug: 1.375;
  --leading-normal: 1.5;
  --leading-relaxed: 1.625;
  --leading-loose: 2;
  
  /* Spacing System - Perfect Scale */
  --spacing-px: 1px;
  --spacing-0: 0;
  --spacing-0-5: 0.125rem;  /* 2px */
  --spacing-1: 0.25rem;     /* 4px */
  --spacing-1-5: 0.375rem;  /* 6px */
  --spacing-2: 0.5rem;      /* 8px */
  --spacing-2-5: 0.625rem;  /* 10px */
  --spacing-3: 0.75rem;     /* 12px */
  --spacing-3-5: 0.875rem;  /* 14px */
  --spacing-4: 1rem;        /* 16px */
  --spacing-5: 1.25rem;     /* 20px */
  --spacing-6: 1.5rem;      /* 24px */
  --spacing-7: 1.75rem;     /* 28px */
  --spacing-8: 2rem;        /* 32px */
  --spacing-9: 2.25rem;     /* 36px */
  --spacing-10: 2.5rem;     /* 40px */
  --spacing-11: 2.75rem;    /* 44px */
  --spacing-12: 3rem;       /* 48px */
  --spacing-14: 3.5rem;     /* 56px */
  --spacing-16: 4rem;       /* 64px */
  --spacing-20: 5rem;       /* 80px */
  --spacing-24: 6rem;       /* 96px */
  --spacing-28: 7rem;       /* 112px */
  --spacing-32: 8rem;       /* 128px */
  --spacing-36: 9rem;       /* 144px */
  --spacing-40: 10rem;      /* 160px */
  --spacing-44: 11rem;      /* 176px */
  --spacing-48: 12rem;      /* 192px */
  --spacing-52: 13rem;      /* 208px */
  --spacing-56: 14rem;      /* 224px */
  --spacing-60: 15rem;      /* 240px */
  --spacing-64: 16rem;      /* 256px */
  --spacing-72: 18rem;      /* 288px */
  --spacing-80: 20rem;      /* 320px */
  --spacing-96: 24rem;      /* 384px */
  
  /* Modern Shadow System */
  --shadow-xs: 0 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 1px 2px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --shadow-lg: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 6px -4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --shadow-xl: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 8px 10px -6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  --shadow-2xl: 0 25px 50px -12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  --shadow-inner: inset 0 2px 4px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  --shadow-none: 0 0 #0000;
  
  /* Premium Glass Shadows */
  --glass-shadow-sm: 0 2px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04), 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  --glass-shadow-md: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  --glass-shadow-lg: 0 16px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);
  --glass-shadow-xl: 0 24px 64px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16), 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.20);
  
  /* Border Radius Scale */
  --radius-none: 0;
  --radius-xs: 0.125rem;     /* 2px */
  --radius-sm: 0.25rem;      /* 4px */
  --radius-md: 0.375rem;     /* 6px */
  --radius-lg: 0.5rem;       /* 8px */
  --radius-xl: 0.75rem;      /* 12px */
  --radius-2xl: 1rem;        /* 16px */
  --radius-3xl: 1.5rem;      /* 24px */
  --radius-4xl: 2rem;        /* 32px */
  --radius-full: 9999px;
  
  /* Animation System */
  --duration-75: 75ms;
  --duration-100: 100ms;
  --duration-150: 150ms;
  --duration-200: 200ms;
  --duration-300: 300ms;
  --duration-500: 500ms;
  --duration-700: 700ms;
  --duration-1000: 1000ms;
  
  /* Modern Easing Curves */
  --ease-linear: linear;
  --ease-in: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 1, 1);
  --ease-out: cubic-bezier(0, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --ease-in-out: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --ease-bounce: cubic-bezier(0.68, -0.55, 0.265, 1.55);
  --ease-spring: cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1.275);
  --ease-smooth: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
  --ease-snappy: cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1);
  
  /* Container Sizes */
  --container-xs: 20rem;     /* 320px */
  --container-sm: 24rem;     /* 384px */
  --container-md: 28rem;     /* 448px */
  --container-lg: 32rem;     /* 512px */
  --container-xl: 36rem;     /* 576px */
  --container-2xl: 42rem;    /* 672px */
  --container-3xl: 48rem;    /* 768px */
  --container-4xl: 56rem;    /* 896px */
  --container-5xl: 64rem;    /* 1024px */
  --container-6xl: 72rem;    /* 1152px */
  --container-7xl: 80rem;    /* 1280px */
  --container-full: 100%;
  
  /* Z-Index Scale */
  --z-0: 0;
  --z-10: 10;
  --z-20: 20;
  --z-30: 30;
  --z-40: 40;
  --z-50: 50;
  --z-auto: auto;
  --z-dropdown: 1000;
  --z-sticky: 1020;
  --z-fixed: 1030;
  --z-modal-backdrop: 1040;
  --z-modal: 1050;
  --z-popover: 1060;
  --z-tooltip: 1070;
  --z-toast: 1080;
  --z-loading: 9999;
}

/* CSS Reset with Performance Optimizations */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Removed global transitions to prevent header glitching */

/* Smooth scrolling for the entire page */
html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 80px; /* Account for fixed header */
}

/* Prevent animations on page load */
.preload * {
  animation-duration: 0s !important;
  animation-delay: 0s !important;
  transition-duration: 0s !important;
  transition-delay: 0s !important;
}

body {
  font-family: "Inter", sans-serif;
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Skip Link Styling */
.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: -40px;
  left: 6px;
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  color: white;
  padding: 8px;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-weight: 500;
  z-index: 9999;
  transition: top 0.3s var(--ease-out);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: 6px;
}


/* Header styles removed - handled by header component */


/* Research Section - Modern & Professional */
.research-section {
  padding: var(--spacing-24) 5%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #f1f5f9 100%);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-section::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  width: 40%;
  height: 100%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 70% 30%, rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.08) 0%, transparent 50%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(480px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--spacing-10);
  max-width: 1300px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.research-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: var(--spacing-6);
  padding: var(--spacing-10);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #fafbfc 100%);
  border-radius: var(--radius-3xl);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
  transition: all 0.4s var(--ease-out);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.research-item::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.05) 0%, transparent 70%);
  transition: transform 0.4s var(--ease-out);
  transform: scale(0);
}

.research-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-12px) scale(1.02);
  box-shadow: 0 25px 50px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.15), 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border-color: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3);
}

.research-item:hover::after {
  transform: scale(1);
}

.research-item::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 5px;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--accent-primary), #6366f1, #8b5cf6);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity var(--duration-300) var(--ease-out);
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
}

.research-item:hover::before {
  opacity: 1;
}

.research-icon {
  font-size: 2rem;
  color: var(--color-white);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-primary), #3b82f6, #6366f1);
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: all 0.4s var(--ease-bounce);
  opacity: 1; /* Always visible */
  transform: scale(1); /* Default scale */
  box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-icon::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent);
  transition: transform 0.4s var(--ease-out);
  transform: translateX(-100%);
}

.research-item:hover .research-icon {
  transform: scale(1.15) rotate(10deg);
  box-shadow: 0 15px 35px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.5);
}

.research-item:hover .research-icon::before {
  transform: translateX(100%);
}


.research-details {
  flex: 1;
}

.research-details h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-family-display);
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-3);
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
}

.research-details p {
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  margin: 0;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero-section {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: var(--spacing-20) 5%;
  gap: var(--spacing-12);
  background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
  min-height: 80vh;
  position: relative;
}

.hero-content {
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-6);
  max-width: 600px;
}

.hero-title {
  font-family: var(--font-family-display);
  font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.hero-subtitle {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  line-height: var(--leading-relaxed);
  font-weight: var(--font-normal);
}

.hero-cta {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-4);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-6);
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: var(--spacing-3) var(--spacing-6);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  font-weight: var(--font-semibold);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  transition: all var(--duration-300) var(--ease-out);
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.btn-primary {
  background-color: var(--accent-primary);
  color: var(--color-white);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  background-color: #0056b3;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.btn-secondary {
  background-color: transparent;
  border: 2px solid var(--accent-primary);
  color: var(--accent-primary);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
  background-color: var(--accent-primary);
  color: var(--color-white);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

.hero-visual {
  flex: 1;
  position: relative;
}

.hero-image {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: var(--radius-2xl);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2xl);
  transition: transform var(--duration-300) var(--ease-out);
}

.hero-image:hover {
  transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* About Section */
.about-section,
.project-highlights {
  padding: 4rem 5%;
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
}


.section-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 2.5rem;
}

.section-header h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-family-display);
  font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  font-weight: var(--font-bold);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-6);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: var(--leading-tight);
}

.section-divider {
  height: 4px;
  width: 80px;
  background-color: var(--accent-primary);
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

.about-content {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 3rem;
}

.focus-areas,
.mission-statement {
  flex: 1;
}

.focus-areas ul {
  list-style-type: none;
  padding-left: 1rem;
}

.focus-areas li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.focus-areas li::before {
  content: "•";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Project Highlights */
.project-slider {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.project-card {
  flex: 1;
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
  border-radius: 10px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.project-card:hover {
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

.project-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 250px;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.project-card h4,
.project-card p {
  padding: 1rem;
}

.opportunities-section {
  padding: 4rem 5%;
  background-color: var(--bg-secondary);
}


.opportunities-intro {
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto 2rem;
}

.opp-link {
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0.5rem 1rem 1rem;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  position: relative;
}


.opp-link::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: -3px;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background-color: var(--accent-color);
  transition: width 0.3s ease;
}


.opp-link:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

/* Footer */

.footer-button {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: white;
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  border: 1px solid white;
  border-radius: 5px;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-button:hover {
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.footer {
  background-color: var(--text-primary);
  color: white;
  padding: 3rem 5% 1rem;
}


.two-column-list {
  display: flex;
  gap: 2rem;
}

.two-column-list ul {
  padding-left: 0;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.footer-content {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  flex-direction: row;
}

.footer-logo {
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.footer-img {
  /* width: 100px; */
  height: 100px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.footer-logo p {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.footer-links {
  flex: 2;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 2 rem;
}

.footer-col h4 {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
  position: relative;
}

.footer-col h4::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  bottom: -8px;
  height: 2px;
  width: 40px;
  background-color: var(--accent-color);
}


.footer-col ul {
  list-style: none;
}

.footer-col ul li {
  margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.footer-col ul li a {
  color: var(--dark-text-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-col ul li a:hover {
  color: white;
  padding-left: 5px;
}

.footer-bottom {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.university-affiliation {
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--dark-text-secondary);
}

@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .footer-content {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .footer-logo {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    align-items: center;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .footer-links {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
  }

  .footer-col {
    text-align: center;
  }

  .footer-col h4::after {
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
  }
}

/* Toggle Switch */
.theme-toggle {
  position: relative;
  width: 100px;
  height: 50px;
  --link: rgb(27, 129, 112);
  --link-hover: rgb(24, 94, 82);
}

.theme-switch-label {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: var(--dark-bg-primary);
  border-radius: 25px;
  cursor: pointer;
  border: 3px solid var(--dark-bg-primary);
}

.theme-switch {
  position: absolute;
  display: none;
}

.slider {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 25px;
  -webkit-transition: 0.3s;
  transition: 0.3s;
}

.theme-switch:checked ~ .slider {
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
}

.slider::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  width: 25px;
  height: 25px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 12px -4px 0px 0px var(--bg-primary);
  box-shadow: inset 12px -4px 0px 0px var(--bg-primary);
  background-color: var(--dark-bg-primary);
  -webkit-transition: 0.3s;
  transition: 0.3s;
}

.theme-switch:checked ~ .slider::before {
  -webkit-transform: translateX(50px);
  -ms-transform: translateX(50px);
  transform: translateX(50px);
  background-color: var(--dark-bg-primary);
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
  .header,
  .hero-section,
  .about-content,
  .project-slider {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .footer-links {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
  }
}

/* Contact Us CSS*/
.contact_us-section {
  padding: 4rem 5%;
  /* margin: 2rem 5%; */
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
}
.section-title {
  font-size: 2rem;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  color: #2c3e50;
  font-weight: 700;
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 15px;
}

.section-title::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 80px;
  height: 4px;
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.contact-intro {
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto 40px;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: #34495e;
}

/* Contact wrapper */
.contact-wrapper {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 30px;
  margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.contact-info {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 300px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 20px;
}

.info-card {
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  border-radius: 10px;
  padding: 25px;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.info-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.icon-wrapper {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.icon-wrapper i {
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  color: white;
}

.info-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  color: #2c3e50;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.info-card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #7f8c8d;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.social-media {
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.social-media h3 {
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  color: #2c3e50;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.social-icons {
  display: flex;
  gap: 15px;
}

.social-icon {
  width: 45px;
  height: 45px;
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #3498db;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.social-icon:hover {
  background-color: #3498db;
  color: white;
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 15px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.3);
}

/* Contact form */
.contact-form-container {
  flex: 2;
  min-width: 400px;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  padding: 30px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.contact-form-container h2 {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 25px;
  color: #2c3e50;
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  text-align: center;
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
}

.contact-form-container h2::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 60px;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  border-radius: 1.5px;
}

.form-group {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #34495e;
}

input[type="text"],
input[type="email"],
input[type="tel"],
select,
textarea {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 12px 15px;
  border: 1px solid #e0e6ed;
  border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: #2c3e50;
  transition: border 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

input[type="text"]:focus,
input[type="email"]:focus,
input[type="tel"]:focus,
select:focus,
textarea:focus {
  border-color: #3498db;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.2);
  outline: none;
}

select {
  appearance: none;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='%233498db' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-linejoin='round'%3E%3Cpolyline points='6 9 12 15 18 9'%3E%3C/polyline%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: right 15px center;
  background-size: 16px;
}

.checkbox-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

input[type="checkbox"] {
  margin-right: 10px;
  accent-color: #3498db;
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
}

.checkbox-container label {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.submit-btn {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 14px;
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  color: white;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.4);
}

.submit-btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.5);
}

.submit-btn:active {
  transform: translateY(1px);
}

/* Toggle Switch */
.theme-toggle {
  position: relative;
  width: 100px;
  height: 50px;
  --link: rgb(27, 129, 112);
  --link-hover: rgb(24, 94, 82);
}

.theme-switch-label {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 50px;
  background-color: var(--dark-bg-primary);
  border-radius: 25px;
  cursor: pointer;
  border: 3px solid var(--dark-bg-primary);
}

.theme-switch {
  position: absolute;
  display: none;
}

.slider {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 25px;
  -webkit-transition: 0.3s;
  transition: 0.3s;
}

.theme-switch:checked ~ .slider {
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
}

.slider::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  width: 25px;
  height: 25px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 12px -4px 0px 0px var(--bg-primary);
  box-shadow: inset 12px -4px 0px 0px var(--bg-primary);
  background-color: var(--dark-bg-primary);
  -webkit-transition: 0.3s;
  transition: 0.3s;
}

.theme-switch:checked ~ .slider::before {
  -webkit-transform: translateX(50px);
  -ms-transform: translateX(50px);
  transform: translateX(50px);
  background-color: var(--dark-bg-primary);
  -webkit-box-shadow: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}

/* Map section */
.map-container {
  margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.map-container h2 {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 25px;
  color: #2c3e50;
  font-size: 1.8rem;
}

.map-frame {
  width: 100%;
  height: 400px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.map-placeholder {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #7f8c8d;
}

.map-placeholder i {
  font-size: 4rem;
  color: #3498db;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

/* FAQ section */
.faq-section {
  margin-bottom: 50px;
}

.faq-section h2 {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 30px;
  color: #2c3e50;
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
}

.faq-section h2::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 60px;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  border-radius: 1.5px;
}

.faq-container {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.faq-item {
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.faq-question {
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

.faq-question:hover {
  background-color: #edf2f7;
}

.faq-question h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: #2c3e50;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.toggle-icon {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: #3498db;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.faq-item.active .toggle-icon {
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.faq-answer {
  background-color: white;
  padding: 0 20px;
  max-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.faq-item.active .faq-answer {
  padding: 20px;
  max-height: 300px;
}

.faq-answer p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #34495e;
}

/* Button container */
.btn-container {
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.back-btn {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 12px 30px;
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  color: white;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 30px;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.4);
}

.back-btn:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(52, 152, 219, 0.5);
}

.back-btn:active {
  transform: translateY(1px);
}

/* Responsive design */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
  #contact_us-section {
    padding: 30px;
    margin: 30px 20px;
  }

  .section-title {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
  }

  .contact-form-container {
    min-width: 100%;
  }

  .map-frame {
    height: 350px;
  }

  .footer-content {
    padding: 0 30px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  #header {
    padding: 15px 20px;
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  #nav-buttons {
    margin-top: 15px;
  }

  .section-title {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
  }

  .contact-wrapper {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .contact-info {
    min-width: 100%;
  }

  .contact-form-container {
    min-width: 100%;
  }

  .footer-links {
    gap: 20px;
    justify-content: space-between;
    flex: 1 1 100%;
    margin-top: 20px;
  }

  .footer-logo {
    flex: 1 1 100%;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 576px) {
  #contact_us-section {
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .nav-btn {
    padding: 8px 15px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }

  .section-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
  }

  .map-frame {
    height: 250px;
  }

  .footer-col {
    min-width: 140px;
  }

  .footer-links {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }
}

/* Animation for form elements */
.form-group {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(10px);
  animation: formFadeIn 0.5s forwards;
}

@keyframes formFadeIn {
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

.form-group:nth-child(1) {
  animation-delay: 0.1s;
}
.form-group:nth-child(2) {
  animation-delay: 0.2s;
}
.form-group:nth-child(3) {
  animation-delay: 0.3s;
}
.form-group:nth-child(4) {
  animation-delay: 0.4s;
}
.form-group:nth-child(5) {
  animation-delay: 0.5s;
}
.form-group:nth-child(6) {
  animation-delay: 0.6s;
}

/* Focus effect for inputs */
input:focus::placeholder,
textarea:focus::placeholder {
  opacity: 0.5;
  transform: translateX(5px);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* Dark Mode Specific Styles for Contact Page */































.info-cards-row {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 20px;
}

.info-cards-row .info-card {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 250px;
}

/* ========================================
   MODERN ANIMATIONS & MICRO-INTERACTIONS
   ======================================== */

/* Scroll-triggered animations */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

@keyframes fadeInLeft {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(-30px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
}

@keyframes fadeInRight {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(30px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(0);
  }
}

@keyframes scaleIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.8);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1);
  }
}

@keyframes slideInDown {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-30px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* Animation classes for JavaScript to trigger */
.animate-fade-in-up {
  animation: fadeInUp 0.8s var(--ease-out) forwards;
}

.animate-fade-in-left {
  animation: fadeInLeft 0.8s var(--ease-out) forwards;
}

.animate-fade-in-right {
  animation: fadeInRight 0.8s var(--ease-out) forwards;
}

.animate-scale-in {
  animation: scaleIn 0.6s var(--ease-bounce) forwards;
}

.animate-slide-in-down {
  animation: slideInDown 0.6s var(--ease-out) forwards;
}

/* Initial state for animated elements */
.animate-on-scroll {
  opacity: 0;
  animation: fadeInFallback 1s ease-out 2s forwards; /* Fallback animation after 2s */
}

/* Fallback animation in case JavaScript fails */
@keyframes fadeInFallback {
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* Header component handles all header styling - no overrides */

/* Modern Hero Section */
.hero-section {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-section::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  width: 50%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.05), rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.05));
  z-index: 0;
}

.hero-content, .hero-visual {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.hero-title {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-title::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-primary), var(--accent-secondary));
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform 0.8s var(--ease-out) 0.5s;
}

.hero-title.animate {
  animation: fadeInLeft 1s var(--ease-out) forwards;
}

.hero-title.animate::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.hero-subtitle {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  transition: all 0.8s var(--ease-out) 0.3s;
}

.hero-subtitle.animate {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Enhanced Buttons */
.btn {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.btn::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: -100%;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent);
  transition: left 0.6s;
}

.btn:hover::before {
  left: 100%;
}

.btn-primary {
  background-color: var(--accent-primary);
  color: var(--color-white);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.3);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.4);
}

.btn-secondary {
  background: transparent;
  border: 2px solid var(--accent-primary);
  color: var(--accent-primary);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
  background: var(--accent-primary);
  color: white;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}




/* Enhanced Research Items */
.research-item {
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  transition: all 0.4s var(--ease-out);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-item::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: -100%;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-primary), var(--accent-secondary));
  transition: left 0.6s var(--ease-out);
}

.research-item:hover::before {
  left: 0;
}

.research-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-8px) scale(1.02);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
  border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.2);
}

.research-icon {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-primary), var(--accent-secondary));
  color: white;
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-out);
}

.research-item:hover .research-icon {
  transform: scale(1.1) rotate(5deg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
}

/* Enhanced Cards */
.project-card, .info-card {
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  transition: all 0.4s var(--ease-out);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.project-card::before, .info-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.05), rgba(14, 165, 233, 0.05));
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s var(--ease-out);
}

.project-card:hover::before, .info-card:hover::before {
  opacity: 1;
}

.project-card:hover, .info-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-10px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-xl);
  border-color: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.2);
}

/* Modern Section Headers */
.section-header h2 {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
}

.section-header h2::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: -20px;
  width: 4px;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--accent-primary), var(--accent-secondary));
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
}

.section-divider {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-primary), var(--accent-secondary));
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  transition: all 0.6s var(--ease-out);
  transform: scaleX(0);
}

.section-divider.animate {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

/* Loading Animation */
@keyframes pulse {
  0%, 100% {
    opacity: 1;
  }
  50% {
    opacity: 0.5;
  }
}

.loading {
  animation: pulse 2s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.6, 1) infinite;
}

/* Floating Action Elements */
.floating {
  animation: float 3s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes float {
  0%, 100% {
    transform: translateY(0px);
  }
  50% {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
  }
}

/* Stagger Animation Delays */
.stagger-1 { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
.stagger-2 { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
.stagger-3 { animation-delay: 0.3s; }
.stagger-4 { animation-delay: 0.4s; }
.stagger-5 { animation-delay: 0.5s; }
.stagger-6 { animation-delay: 0.6s; }

/* Modern Focus States */
*:focus {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent-primary);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}


/* Enhanced Social Icons */
.social-icon {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all 0.3s var(--ease-bounce);
}

.social-icon::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.3), transparent);
  transition: all 0.6s var(--ease-out);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.social-icon:hover::before {
  width: 200%;
  height: 200%;
}

/* Responsive Enhancements */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .hero-section::before {
    display: none;
  }
  
  .research-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .hero-title {
    font-size: var(--text-3xl);
  }
  
  .hero-subtitle {
    font-size: var(--text-lg);
  }
}

/* Performance Optimizations */
.gpu-accelerated {
  transform: translateZ(0);
  backface-visibility: hidden;
  perspective: 1000px;
}

/* Reduced Motion Support */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
  
  .floating {
    animation: none;
  }
}

/* ========================================
   ENHANCED RESPONSIVE DESIGN
   ======================================== */

/* Mobile-first responsive improvements */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .header {
    padding: var(--space-md) var(--space-lg);
  }
  
  .logo {
    height: 50px;
  }
  
  .lab-name {
    font-size: var(--text-lg);
  }
  
  .navigation ul {
    gap: var(--space-lg);
  }
  
  .hero-section {
    padding: var(--space-3xl) var(--space-md);
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .hero-title {
    font-size: var(--text-2xl);
  }
  
  .hero-subtitle {
    font-size: var(--text-base);
  }
  
  .hero-cta {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .btn {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 280px;
  }
}

/* Tablet optimizations */
@media (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .research-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-xl);
  }
  
  .research-item {
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  
  .about-content {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--space-2xl);
  }
  
  .project-slider {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .project-card {
    max-width: 500px;
  }
}

/* Desktop enhancements */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .hero-section {
    padding: var(--space-4xl) 8%;
  }
  
  .hero-title {
    font-size: var(--text-5xl);
  }
  
  .hero-subtitle {
    font-size: var(--text-xl);
  }
  
  .research-content {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: var(--space-2xl);
  }
}

/* Touch device optimizations */
@media (hover: none) and (pointer: coarse) {
  .btn, .nav-link, .social-icon {
    min-height: 44px; /* iOS touch target size */
    min-width: 44px;
  }
  
  .research-item:hover,
  .project-card:hover,
  .info-card:hover {
    transform: none; /* Disable hover transforms on touch devices */
  }
  
  .btn:hover,
  .nav-link:hover {
    transform: none;
  }
}

/* High-density displays */
@media (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2), (min-resolution: 192dpi) {
  .logo, .footer-img {
    image-rendering: -webkit-optimize-contrast;
    image-rendering: crisp-edges;
  }
}

/* ========================================
   LOADING ANIMATIONS & SKELETON LOADERS
   ======================================== */

/* Skeleton loader animations */
@keyframes skeleton-loading {
  0% {
    background-position: -200px 0;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: calc(200px + 100%) 0;
  }
}

.skeleton {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f0f0f0 25%, #e0e0e0 50%, #f0f0f0 75%);
  background-size: 200px 100%;
  animation: skeleton-loading 1.5s infinite;
}


/* Loading states for images */
.loading-image {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.loading-image::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f0f0f0 25%, #e0e0e0 50%, #f0f0f0 75%);
  background-size: 200px 100%;
  animation: skeleton-loading 1.5s infinite;
  z-index: 1;
}

.loading-image img {
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.loading-image.loaded::before {
  display: none;
}

.loading-image.loaded img {
  opacity: 1;
}

/* Page transition effects */
.page-transition {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--bg-primary);
  z-index: 9999;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  opacity: 1;
  transition: opacity 0.5s ease, visibility 0.5s ease;
}

.page-transition.hidden {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
}

.page-transition .spinner {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  border: 4px solid rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.2);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-primary);
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes spin {
  0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}



/* Staggered content loading */
.content-loader {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(20px);
  transition: all 0.6s var(--ease-out);
}

.content-loader.loaded {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.content-loader:nth-child(1) { transition-delay: 0.1s; }
.content-loader:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 0.2s; }
.content-loader:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 0.3s; }
.content-loader:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: 0.4s; }
.content-loader:nth-child(5) { transition-delay: 0.5s; }
.content-loader:nth-child(6) { transition-delay: 0.6s; }

/* Enhanced form loading states */
.form-loading .form-group {
  pointer-events: none;
  opacity: 0.6;
}

.form-loading .submit-btn {
  position: relative;
  color: transparent;
}

.form-loading .submit-btn::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
  margin: -10px 0 0 -10px;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  border-top: 2px solid currentColor;
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
}

/* Progressive image loading */
.progressive-image {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.progressive-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  transition: opacity 0.3s;
}

.progressive-image .placeholder {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--bg-tertiary);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

.progressive-image .placeholder::after {
  content: 'Loading...';
}

.progressive-image.loaded .placeholder {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
}